MU PT 8390 - Case Management II

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Vestibular

W-1      W-2      W-3      W-4      W-5      W-6      W-7       W-8
 
Week 8 : Oct. 12-16

Distribution of Final Exam grades
Mean: 89%

It was a pleasure working with all of you this semester!
Cheers!
Evan


Q.
I was just curious if you were looking for general requirements to be eligible for Medicare or specific requirements to be eligible for facilities/services that are covered under Part A?

A.
Yes, and yes.


More Fall Screening!

Boone County Council on Aging is sponsoring a Senior Health Fair, and we are providing Fall Screening: Friday morning, Nov. 6, at Calvary Baptist Church (Worley and Ridgeway).
Please talk to Evan if you're interested in helping.


REMEMBER: the Final Exam on Friday starts at 8:00


Final Exam review information


(partial) Review information for the final exam: pharmacology    (more to come ...)


Week 8

10-12
Monday

Evan will not have office hours today.

 

10-13
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Quiz:

  1. DM meds: match names & actions
  2. Drug therapy for Coagulation Disorders
  3. ABGs: audio file on Blackboard

Review for Final


10-13
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Lab B presentations

  • No assigned article or quiz
  • Bring your Tool Kit
  • Prof. Brown will have case studies for you to analyze. These will be similar to the essay questions on the final exam.
 

10-16
Friday

Final Exam 8:00 - 11:00

 

Week 7 : Oct. 5-9
Back to top

Professional Issues: APTA Specialist Certification


Lavery, L., et al. (2007) Does Anodyne Light Therapy Improve Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetes? A Double Blind, Sham Controlled Randomized Trial to Evaluate Monochromatic Infrared Photo Energy.
Diabetes Care. Oct. 31, 2007.

"Anodyne" is a brand name. Monochromatic Infrared Photo Energy (MIRE) is the name of the technology.


Prof. Matsuda provided this handout on the Biomechanics and Kinesiology of the T'ai Chi Movement Patterns. (broken link is fixed)

Credit: Jill Johnson PT GCS & Tricia Yu
Source: Tricia Yu, Jill Johnson. (1999). T’ai Chi Fundamentals for Health Professionals and Instructors. Stevens Point, WI: Physical Therapy Associates.


Friday's quiz will be postponed until Tuesday 13th, 10:30


Prof. Brown's class on Tuesday afternoon, 13th:

  • No assigned article or quiz
  • Bring your Tool Kit
  • Prof. Brown will have case studies for you to analyze. These will be similar to the essay questions on the final exam.

Blackboard quiz: Physical Facts on Aging due Monday, 12th, midnight
This is a quiz consisting of about 30 multiple choice and T/F questions. It is graded S/U. In other words, when you complete the quiz, answering all questions, you will have passed. At the end of the quiz you will be provided your "grade", though only the S/U grade will be recorded by Evan. Explanatory text is provided for most question and is displayed at the end, after your response has been graded.
The Physical Facts on Aging quiz is set for you to take it multiple times, so that will be a handy way to review it for the final exam.


Q. For our final case, would you like us to list all impairments (from part 1-3) in the ICF, or just the impairments that are guiding our treatment upon part 3. For example, Mr. Burnett had a lot of trouble with his (R) LE before it got amputated, now those impairments are no longer pertinent.

A. You are treating the whole person. No, he no longer has a right foot, so it doesn't make sense to list that, however, all the (systemic) impairments he had in part one will still be with him in part 3.


Q. We were wondering what you meant by Is Mr. B stable? Do you want us to talk about stable in vital terms or if we think his charcoat foot is stable. We didn't exactly understand how to approach this.

A. Yes to both of those. There is no "right" answer, but you need to justify in the ICF why you are proceeding as you are, based on your assumptions and differential diagnosis findings.


Quiz: Friday: (postponed until Oct.13)

  1. DM meds (match names with actions)
  2. Drug therapy for Coagulation Disorders
  3. ABGs: listen to the audio file on Blackboard

Gardens for Every Body provides basic information on:

  1. how to create an accessible garden as well as
  2. how to select and safely use ergonomic, enabling, or modified garden tools designed for persons with limitations.

Missouri AgrAbility Project at the University of Missouri-Columbia, through Agricultural Engineering Extension


Week 8 - Preview
Monday Oct. 12: Evan will NOT have office hours
Tuesday Oct. 13: Morning and afternoon classes will be at regular times


Burnett PCM/ICF:

  1. Due Tuesday 13th, 10:30
  2. Is Mr. Burnett's condition stable or unstable?
  3. POC: demonstrating Progression is always important. Explain your criteria for progressing Mr. Burnett.
  4. Referrals: be specific about why you are referring, and what you might expect as a result of the referral.

Reminder: Social Facts on Aging quiz (on Blackboard) is due Monday 5th, midnight.
It is set for you to take it multiple times, so that will be a handy way to review it for the final exam


regarding: Arizona brace for Charcot Arthropathy

... from a conversation with Pete Abbott, Prosthetist
Owner, Abbott Prosthetics & Orthotics, Jefferson City, MO

Cost: $350 - $800

The key to success is in the casting done by the orthotist. Then the cast is shipped to the manufacturer, but the big problem is waiting for the return delivery. It can take 1-3 weeks.

He said it doesn't provide much in the way of PWB, therefore it's important to always use an assistive device.

Biomechanical aspects:
1. Corrective alignment to avoid hindfoot valgus, by keeping the talus over the calcaneous and counteracting the descent of the navicular
2. AFO that eliminates DF
3. Rocker bottom to allow the tibia to advance in early push off, and also offloads pressure on the met heads

Composition: the inner layer of the boot is soft leather, outer layer is a polypropylene shell. Plastizote is commonly used in the foot bed.


Week 7

10-6
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Prof. Sandy Matsuda OT: Tai Chi experience

You do NOT need to wear professional dress. Dress warmly, the courtyard is still in the shade at that time of day.

10-6
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Lab A presentations

Brown: Handouts for all of Prof. Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390.

Quiz: Wolf

Bring assignment sheet: "Geriatric Assessment Lab"

Lab B: You will be receiving medical history and med list for the participant you will evaluate on Wed.

10-7
Wed Lab
Lab B - 8:30
Community dwelling elder participants

Professional dress & NAME TAG

Bring stethoscopes, wrist watches

EVERY EXAM TOOL YOU HAVE,

10-9
Friday

Quiz
(postponed until Oct.13)

DM meds

Drug therapy for Coagulation Disorders

ABGs: listen to the audio file on Blackboard

 

Week 6 : Sept. 28 - Oct. 2
Back to top

There will be a brief in-class quiz on the assigned journal article at the start of every Tuesday afternoon lecture by Prof. Brown. Article for 10/5:
Wolf, S.L., et al. (2006). The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults.
Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 61A(2), 184-189.


Come to PBL on Monday the 5th with ALL your objectives prepped.


Social Facts on Aging quiz is due Monday 5th, midnight.
It is a Blackboard quiz consisting of 24 multiple choice and T/F questions. It is graded S/U. In other words, when you complete the quiz, answering all questions, you will have passed. At the end of the quiz you will be provided your "grade", though only the S/U grade will be recorded by Evan. Explanatory text is provided for most question and is displayed at the end, after your response has been graded.

Note: if you have Internet Explorer 8, follow the instructions before starting your quiz, or your quiz will not be recorded properly by Blackboard!
Tech questions? Call 882-5000.


Jason Pollard, DPM, Richard Stess, DPM. (2004)
A Guide To Bracing For Charcot
Podiatry Today. 17 ( 6); 44-56


Regarding Obj # 22: Pathology of Charcot Arthropathy


Assisting the person who is blind


Kim Nevin's ppt from Clinical Kinesiology, for your review.
Amputee: Pre-prosthetic Exam & Treatment
Ampuee: Prosthetic Exam & Treatment


More from Marianne Misiewicz, DPM:

  1. Diabetic Foot Management ppt, 3.3 Mb. (110 slides in living color!)
  2. Further discussion of orthotics and footwear

From CM I: re-posted for your review:

  1. Wound table
  2. Footwear: options / modifications / inserts / orthotic / assistive devices(in Exam Tool Kit ... CV)
  3. Wound Management Adjuncts: Compression, Pressure Relief
  4. Vascular examination of the LE (in Exam Tool Kit ... CV)
  5. DVT examination: Autar tool, Riddle tool (in Exam Tool Kit ... CV... DVT)
  6. Total Contact Cast (and other off loading footwear)

The case of Roy Burnett, part 2


Exam Tool Kit ... CV ... Hypoglycemia & Hyperglycemia S&S (patient education poster)


Optional - Calculate your personal risk factors for Diabetes (or CAD, Stroke, Cancer, etc.).
Or use it to calculate risk level for a family member or friend.


Optional: Diabetic Alert Service Dogs : detect & alert their diabetic partner and support team (parents, spouse, friend, etc) to both low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) & high blood sugar (hyperglycemia).


Optional - Diabetic Neuropathies: The Nerve Damage of Diabetes
National Institute of Health -- accessed 9-24-2007


Optional - Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes -- 2007
American Diabetes Association - Position Statement
Diabetes Care 30:S4-S41, 2007


Optional - Guidelines for Improving the Care of the Older Person with Diabetes Mellitus
American Geriatric Society --- (mostly medical, but a good overview)


Look under the "Reimbursement" button for info on:
Medicare B: Coverage of Therapeutic Footwear for People with Diabetes


Definitions (in the context of the Burnett case):

  1. Comorbidity: a disease/condition that is NOT related to DM
  2. Clinical Feature: a disease/condition that (likely) arises from the main pathology of DM

Regarding the Kahlili ICF:
Q. For the ICF due Wednesday, do we need a PT diagnosis like we had for the PCM?

A. Yes.


For the final case, Mr. Burnett,

  • Your PBL group will have the option of turning in your assignment using either the PCM or using the ICF.
  • Just one set of TOEs is required for the last case. Sources for searching are given in Part 2 of the case.

APTA Section on Geriatrics (SOG) listserv experience assignment is due Friday, Oct. 2, 9:00


** Diabetes Objectives #1-13:
In your PBL groups, you will be spending time reviewing these objectives, so try to get as much done as possible before meeting on Monday.
Here are the textbook resources to help you get started on objectives.

** Diabetes Mellitus and Exercise, Chapter 33 -- (10 MB) .. Also on reserve at HSL.
American College of Sports Medicine. (2006). ACSM's Resource Manual for Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. (5th ed.). Published Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

** Exercise in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease, Chapter 34 -- ( 7 MB) .. Also on reserve at HSL.
American College of Sports Medicine. (2006). ACSM's Resource Manual for Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. (5th ed.). Published Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.


Prof. Sayers has generously allowed the re-posting of a lecture relating to metabolic aspects of DM. [4MB] -- pdf version


Resources relating to Low Vision and to Driving Assessment


Week 6

9-28
Monday

ABI instruction & check out (per schedule)

Assignment: Glycemic Index 3 day DIARY,
due 5PM, in Evan's mailbox.

9-29
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Marianne Misiewicz DPM:
Diabetic Foot Management -Word doc

Professional Dress
(no name tag)

9-29
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Lab B presentations

Handouts for all of Prof. Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390.

Quiz: Lord

Bring assignment sheet: "Geriatric Assessment Lab"

Lab A: You will be receiving medical history and med list for the participant you will evaluate on Wed.

9-30
Wed Lab
Lab A - 8:30
Community dwelling elder participants

Professional dress & NAME TAG

Bring stethoscopes, wrist watches

EVERY EXAM TOOL YOU HAVE

10-1
Thurs

SHP Job Fair
3-7 PM at Reynolds Alumni Center

 

10-2
Friday

SOG listserv experience assignment due 9:00

Wingert: Management of Urinary Incontinence: handout

 

Urinary Incontinence resources from PEAK Performance®, may be found at: Tool Kit - Exam: ... Urinary Incontinence.


Week 5 : Sept. 21-25
Back to top

Objectives for the Diabetes unit:

  1. #1-13 due week 6
    Hint: you will be spending time in PBL talking about them, so try to get as much of them done before meeting as possible
    .

  2. #14-23 due week 7

ICF for Mrs. Kahlili will be due Wed. 30th, 5PM


There will be a brief in-class quiz on the assigned journal article at the start of every Tuesday afternoon lecture by Prof. Brown. Article for 9/29:

Lord, S. R., (1995). The Effective of a 12-Month Exercise Trial on Balance, Strength, and Falls in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 43, 1198-1206

A couple hints to get you going ... below are operational definitions as used by the authors:

  • Reaction time: speed of response on a footplate to a light stimulus
  • Neuromuscular control: number of reps of footplate taps in 8 seconds
  • Vision: is operationally defined as having the eyes open (EO) or eyes closed (EC). It is NOT a measure visual acuity, or visual deficits (this is a bit of an imprecise way of labeling this).

Note the difference in performance on compliant vs. non-compliant surfaces.

Review the CTSIB [Exam - Tool Kit ... Vestibuar], since this study employs this paradigm.

We all know the SENSORY determinants of balance (vision, vestibular, somatosensory).
This article addressses NEUROMUSCULAR determinants / influences on balance.


Prof. Brown thanks everyone for their concern, and she reports that she if doing fine, with no bad effect from yesterday.


I am reversing my decision about the Midterm question on BMD and Fall Risk.
It will be counted as extra credit if you got it right.


Glycemic Index
Explanation and table of food values
Assignment: Glycemic Index 3-day DIARY (5 points).
Due Mon, Sept. 28, 5PM, in Evan's mailbox.


The case of Tannaz Kahlili: part 4


Tuesday morning lecture: Prof. Dannecker: Pain & Older Adults - handout


There will be a brief in-class quiz on the assigned journal article at the start of every Tuesday afternoon lecture by Prof. Brown. Quiz for Tuesday, Sept. 22 :

Horak F.B., et al. (2009). The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) to Differentiate Balance Deficits. Phys Ther 89(5), 484-498.

From Prof. Brown: "The article for this week is really long and there are aspects of the BESTest developmental process that are not relevant for our purposes. So, for class pay attention to the introduction, Figure 1 and Tables 1,2. Of course, if you are riveted to the article, please feel free to read it all :>) "


Elder Abuse statutes in Missouri

Patient Abandonment


Good news! the CMS website for the NH Compare project appears to be working.
Find out how the two facilities you pick are rated on Quality Measures, Number of Deficiencies reported, Staff per resident, etc.
How about a due date of Friday, 25th, 9:30?


What is "Elderspeak"?

Williams KN. (2008). Elderspeak Communication: Impact on Dementia Care. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2008 Jun 30.
Eligible for TOE.

"Elderspeak" in the media
Optional - Chicago Tribune
Optional - New York Times


Use of RESTRAINTS:

  1. American Geriatric Society: Position Statement
  2. CDC Fact Sheet: Falls in Nursing Homes

Mentes J. (2006). Oral Hydration in Older Adults.
American Journal of Nursing 106; 6


Below is the document Brian was referencing at the Friday Facilitators' presentation. It should help clear up lingering questions you might have:

Boston Scientific Corporation. (2008). CPR and External Defibrillation for Pacemaker and/or Defibrillator Patients Retrieved 9-17-2009. http://www.bostonscientific.com/templatedata/imports/HTML/CRM/A_Closer_Look/pdfs/ACL_CPR_and_External_Defibrillation_063008.pdf


Week 5

9-22
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Prof. Dannecker: Pain & Older Adults - handout


9-22
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Lab A presentations

Handouts for all of Prof. Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390.

Quiz: Horak

Bring assignment sheet: "Geriatric Assessment Lab"

Lab B: You will be receiving medical history and med list for the Adult Day Connection participant you will evaluate Wed.

9-22
Tuesday
4-7 PM

SHOW ME FALLS FREE MO

@ Lenoir


9-23
Wed Lab
Lab B - 8:30
Participants from the Adult Day Connection

Professional dress & NAME TAG

Bring stethoscopes, wrist watches

EVERY EXAM TOOL YOU HAVE

9-25
Friday

NH Compare project due 9:00

 


Week 4 : Sept. 14-18
Back to top

Objective #12:
Transplantation or relocation shock occurs when a person becomes disoriented when placed or moved to an unfamiliar setting. Describe how it may be evaluated and treated.

Transplantation or relocation shock is the acute psychosis or pseudodementia associated with relocation to a new physical environment. The person will be confused, and may appear as having dementia.  It can occur when moving an elderly person into a hospital or NH.  It can become worse with multiple moves, e.g. home to hospital to NH. 

Treatment options: bringing familiar objects to the new setting, e.g. photos, quilts, commonly used items, can help reorientation.  Familiar scents and music can also be helpful.

Alternatively, the patient is placed back in the home environment, and if, after a week they are not back to normal, assume another mental event or disease progression has occurred.


DSM.4R (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition, Revised)

AllPsych. (2004). Dissociative Disorders. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV. (2000) Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved 1-7-2010. http://allpsych.com/disorders/dissociative/index.html


Prof. Dannecker will lecture next Tuesday on Pain in the Elderly.
Quiz CANCELLED over the document Facts on Pain in Older Persons.


De Minner was unable to lecture on the topic of Care of the Person with Dementia this year. Here is her handout from last year. It will be helpful for your objectives and for the ICF. It has sections on communication and on pain assessment.


Quiz, Friday- "Medicare and You"

This quiz ties in with Mrs. Kahlili's circumstances and decsions regarding discharge in parts 1, 3, and 4 of the case:

Go to the Reimbursement webpage (left navigation bar).
Explore the CMS document: "Medicare and You" (2009).
This is the pamphlet that is mailed to all beneficiaries each year. It is in lay language and easy to follow.
There's no need to print this, just use it as a reference to look up certain information.
Read: "What you will pay..." on p.120 (Part A) and p.121 (Part B)
There is a Glossary of terms on p.115-118. (corrected page #)


Show Me Falls Free Missouri! -- screening documents we will be using


The case of Tannaz Kahlili, part 2 has a particular focus on the topics of communication and of dementia. Below are resources related to this part of the case:

  1. Assessing and Enhancing Communication with Geriatric Patients Barry Slansky PhD, CCC-SLP

  2. Suggestions for communicating with aphasic patients
    Capital Region Medical Center, Speech Therapy Dept.

  3. The following 2 messages have been excerpted from an APTA Geriatric Section listserv discussion, in September, 2004 on the topic of management of patients with dementia

  4. Look in the Exam Tool Kit, under COGNITION
  5. Innovative Environmental Design in Dementia Care
    Virtual Health Care Team, University of Missouri, School of Health Professions
  6. Library of the Center for Interdisciplinary Geriatric Assessment (CIGAP) is located at the Adult Day Connection

Zorowitz RD, et al. Shoulder subluxation after stroke: a comparison of four supports. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995 Aug;76(8): 763-71


Stroke Rehabilitation
National Library of Medicine (NLM) & National Institute of Health (NIH)


More guidance for the ICF assignment (25 points):
  1. Before you meet to work on the ICF, assign group members to browse each of the 5 selected PT journal articles for samples of how researchers have been incorporating the ICF in reporting their finding on persons with various diseases/disabilities.
  2. Don’t try to use a table format for your ICF assignment.
  3. TOEs with citations are required, as usual, as well as a PT diagnosis and POC
  4. When you are all done with your ICF assignment, write (as a group) a brief reflection (200-300 words) summarizing your PBL group’s experience with the ICF. Include your opinion(s).
    Put this reflection at the bottom/end of the ICF-based document that you submit to Evan (both hard copy and electronic, along with TOEs, using the submission protocol).

Geri Assessment Lab Assignment. Print and bring to Prof. Brown's lecture.

Week 4

9-15
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Midterm Exam

 

9-15
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Handouts for all of Prof. Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390.

Quiz: Fiatarone

Bring assignment sheet: "Geriatric Assessment Lab"

Lab A: You will be receiving medical history and med list for the Adult Day Connection participant you will evaluate on Wed.

Bring Geriatric Exam Tool Kit to all of Prof. Brown's lectures

9-16
Wed Lab
Lab A - 8:30
Participants from the Adult Day Connection

Professional dress & NAME TAG

Bring stethoscopes, wrist watch

EVERY EXAM TOOL YOU HAVE

9-18
Friday

Quiz: "Medicare and You"

 


Week 3 : Sept. 8-11
Back to top

There will be a brief in-class quiz on the assigned journal article at the start of every Tuesday afternoon lecture by Prof. Brown. Quiz for Tuesday, Sept. 15:

Fiatarone M.A., et al. (1994). Exercise Training and Nutritional Supplementation for Physical Frailty in Very Elderly People.
New England Journal of Medicine, 330(25), 1769-1775.

Hint: pay attention to significant outcomes


Here's the file that was missing from your Vestibular Tool Kit / handout section: Herdman: treatment algorithm for BPPV


If you're interested in looking at the graphic in Prof. Abbott's ppt, here's the full ppt file for you to browse.


Reminder: Friday quiz over ICF


Friday 8:30: CM I Final exam available for review in Lewis 3, before regular start of class at 9:00.
There will be 10 questions from that Final on the Midterm.


Notice - Thursday afternoon, Sept. 10th all the furniture is being removed from room 121 and room 125, therefore:

  1. Facilitators will meet in Clark 6, with Evan
    Evan will be 15 minutes late (a meeting at Memorial Union)
  2. Obj. Coordinators will meet in room 111 with Prof. Hargrove

Schedule Roll-backs:

  1. Nunez PCM due Wed. 16th, 5PM
  2. Pharmacology take-home due Wed. 16th, 5PM
  3. NH Compare project: TBA (was Wed. 16th)

Screening for Future Falls Risk --
Important new Medicare regulation as of July 1st, 2007

CMS Quality Measure for Physical Therapists requires that the eligible provider screen Medicare Part B patients who are 65 years or older for falls risk.

Physical therapists are required to report whether they asked if the individual had fallen within the past year and to determine the frequency, context, and characteristics of the fall.

The provider must report the screening for future fall risk measure for at least 80% of the patients to which it is applicable, in order to receive the 1.5% bonus.

In the left navigation bar, click on “Reimbursement”. There is information, description and opinion from APTA.
A second document provides full details from a reporting form for you to look at, but are beyond the scope of this course objective.


Question:
"I was looking at what you have posted on the website regarding the second TOE for the Nunez case and I have a question. If we find an article from one of the evidence tables do we just print off the chart part of the TOE that is already there and then fill in our own section on "briefly explain how this evidence influenced your PBL group's clinical decision making or plan of care"? Or do we do that for one of those evidence tables and then find a whole different article and do a TOE on it? I hope my question makes sense."

Answer:

  1. Since I have the same database of articles to look at, there's no need to turn in a hard copy to me (unless you've already printed it, and don't want to keep it).
  2. List the full reference in your bibliography.
  3. You will have citations to it within your POC.
  4. As far as WHERE to write your answer to the question: "Briefly explain how this evidence influenced your PBL group's clinical decision making or plan of care" ... putting your answer after the Bibliography of the PCM would work well.

PCMs for Mr. T are graded.

  1. Here is an example of a well written Functional Limitation & Goal for Mr. T.
  2. It would probably be helpful for your group to come and look at your graded PCM, before you get so very far into the Nunez PCM (missed Labor Day session). Just make an appt. with Evan.
  3. Here are Guidelines for Improving your PCM (a shorthand template). Pay particular attention to the citation protocol for the POC and Bibiography.
  4. APA style formatting reference can be found under "Templates" in the left navigation bar.

Question:
How large does "n" have to be for a RCT to be a Level I?

Answer:
"Adequate size refers to the power of the study, which includes both sample size and variability of the outcome measure(s) that have been chosen as the primary measures to answer the questions. To determine adequate size, the reader has to look at the methods section (usually) to see what the power calculation is. Normally, a power of 0.8 at an alpha level of .05 for the size sample will be “adequate”. Pretty much we are saying that is we can be 80% sure that the results to accept or reject the null are due to the intervention and not chance.
In reality, for a great deal of rehab studies, this will require more that 60 subjects per group. No easy answer."
-- Prof. Minor


For the second PBL case, Nunez (and also for the third PBL case), PBL group members will divvy up among group themselves the resources in the Multicultural webpage (see left navigation bar), and report back to the group.
This discussion and insight will contribute to the Friday morning presentation.



The 3rd PBL case will be accomplished using the ICF model, rather than the PCM which is based on the Nagi Disability model.

  1. There will be a brief quiz over the ICF on Friday morning, the 11th. To prepare for the quiz, review items #1-5 on the ICF webpage found under "Templates". For item #5, by Jette (2006), pay particular attention to:
    • p.729: Nagi’s 5 dimensions of (dis)ability
    • p.731-732: subdomains and qualifiers
  2. Assign members of your group to browse each of the 5 selected PT journal articles for samples of how researchers have been incorporating the ICF in reporting their finding on persons with various diseases/disabilities. Look for elements to include in yours.

By request, here are the more complete facilitator notes from Friday morning of the very first week.



Week 3

9-9
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Vestibular Exam - Abbott

Lecture handout is in your Quick Copy syllabus

Quiz: O'Sullivan C.24

Bring Vestibular toolkit

9-9
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Handouts for all of Professor Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390

Quiz: Lusardi

Due in Prof. Brown's mailbox:
Geriatric History assignment

Bring Geriatric Exam Tool Kit to all of Prof. Brown's lectures

9-10
Wed Lab

Dizzy Exam - Abbott

Lab handouts are in your Vestibular toolkit

1. Bring Vestibular toolkit
2. Bring Geriatric toolkit

9-12
Friday

8:30: CM I Final exam available for review in Lewis 3

Quiz: ICF

 


Week 2 : Aug.31 - Sept.4
Back to top

Typos/Corrections: O'Sullivan 5th ed., C.24, Vestibular, p.1004:

  1. In the first column "Symbols" = Symptoms
  2. In the first column, "Lightheadedness" should be bolded
  3. Table 24.2: add the word "syncope" to Possible Causes of Lightheadedness

Reminder: quiz Friday morning over Fracture Review module, items 10-16


Multicultural Resources for the Rosa Nunez case:

  • Linked on left navigation bar
  • Bottomley p.440-441


AGS: Guidelines for the prevention of falls in older persons

American Geriatrics Society, British Geriatrics Society, and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Panel on Falls Prevention. (2001) Guidelines for the prevention of falls in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 49(5):664-72.

    1. The systematic review itself
      1. All groups must submit a TOE on this SR (especially note Table 1)
    2. The Appendix of all the articles selected for the systematic review is composed of 53 Evidence Tables (already PICO-formatted)
      1. Browse for the Tables most relevant to Mrs. Nunez. When you submit your TOE you don't need to redo the PICO, but you do need to "briefly explain how this evidence influenced ..."

This is one of a minority of Systematic Reviews (LOE = 1; number of studies = 53) that actually breaks out their Strength of Recommendation (A, B, C, or D) for interventions to prevent falls for the community dwelling population, as well as the long term care / assisted living population.
The fact that they give these Strength of Recommendation scores makes it all the more useful to us!
This panel uses the term: Strength of Recommendation, instead of the term Grade of Recommendation, but those terms mean the same thing.

 

 


Operational Definitions of what constitutes a FALL


APTA brochure: Falls Risk Reduction In Older Adults
Physical Fitness for Special Populations, PT Magazine supplement: July 2007


Brewer, K. (2006). Balance Training in the Home Care Setting. GeriNotes, 13(5), 22-24.
Remember ... these are generic exercises, and would need to be tailored to your particular patient's limitations.


If you borrowed one of Kevin Lockette's DVD's please return to me by Friday. Thanks.


There will be a brief in-class quiz on the assigned journal article at the start of every Tuesday afternoon lecture by Prof. Brown. Article for 9/8:

Lusardi, M.M. (2004). Functional Performance in Community Living Older Adults.
Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 26(3), 14-22.


There will be a quiz on Tuesday morning, Sept. 8th over O'Sullivan Chapter 24, Vestibular Rehabiliation.
There will be one Extra Credit question on the quiz in which you view a video clip of nystagmus and then describe what you see. That item will be based on the CD-ROM "Vestibular Learning Module", that you will be given on Friday.


Answers to the T-F quiz on Osteoporosis


Readings: eight Clinical Practice Reports from the APTA Special Interest Group on Osteoporosis
Suggestion: There is a binder in the CM II Resource Stash in Lewis 113 with hard copy of all these for you to browse.
You will find that there is overlapping content in the articles. Consider dividing these articles up among your PBL group.


Two literature reviews: Zehnacker ; Palombaro
Start your EB searching for the this PBL case by consulting these two recent literature reviews. Examine the inclusion / exclusion criteria used by the authors, the intervention protocol, and outcomes of the various studies being analyzed. Remember to relate TOEs and interventions back to Mrs. Nunez.

1. Zehnacker, C. et al. (2007). Effect of Weighted Exercises on Bone Mineral Density in Post Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review.
Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy Vol.30;2:79-88.
Hint: "Quality Score" has a denominator of 48 (high score is good)

2. Palombaro, K. et al. (2005). Effects of Walking-only Interventions on Bone Mineral Density at Various Skeletal Sites: A Meta-analysis.
Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy Vol 28;3:102-107.
Hint: Effect Size (d): 0.2 = small effect; 0.5 = medium effect; >0.8 = large effect size (large is good)


3. Sinaki, M. et. al. (2002). Stronger back muscles reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures: a prospective ten year follow-up of postmenopausal women.
Bone, 30(6), 836-841. (Eligible for TOE)

4. Huntoon EA. et al. (2008). Significantly fewer refractures after vertebroplasty in patients who engage in back-extensor-strengthening exercises. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008 Jan;83(1):54-7. (Eligible for TOE)


Spinomed ® brace

a listserv discussion

Pfeifer, M. (2004). Effects of a new spinal orthosis on posture, trunk strength, and quality of life in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: A randomized trial.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 83:177-186. (Eligible for TOE)

Commercial vendor website (browse to Orthopedic)


Handouts are indicated in the calendar, for

  1. Tuesday morning lecture
  2. Wednesday morning lab

1. Get in the habit of bringing your Geriatric Exam Tool Kit to Professor Brown's lectures

2. The Exam Tool Kit (left navigation bar) has many of the Functional instruments that Prof. Brown will be referring to in lecture.
You aren't required to print all of them, but you should get familiar with them by looking under "Functional Outcomes / ADLs ..."

1. Questionnaires (higher level functions)

  • LLFDI - Late Life Function and Disability Instrument
  • SF-36 (proprietary, scoring not included)
  • FSQ -- Functional Status Questionnaire
  • VES-13 -- Vulnerable Elders Study - details

2. Therapist assessment (lower level functions)

  • Katz Index of ADLs
  • Barthel ADL Index

PBL case #2, The Case of Rosa Nunez: Part 1


Optional: (referenced in osteoporosis lecture)
Mueller MJ, Maluf KS. (2002). Tissue Adaptation to Physical Stress: A Proposed "Physical Stress Theory" to Guide Physical Therapist Practice, Education, and Research.
PHYS THER Vol. 82, No. 4, April 2002, pp. 383-403


Spinal Orthoses for VCF:
-- Knight Taylor - TLSO: limits flexion, rotation and sidebending
-- Clam shell / Bivalve: limits flexion, rotation and sidebending
-- Jewett (3-point hyperextension): limits flexion
-- CASH (3-pont hyperextension): limits flexion
-- SpinoMed (the only spinal orthotic proported to increase back extensor strength with use)


Patient education resource on osteoporosis from the APTA website


Kyphoplasty animation
Be a discriminating consumer of internet health information, keeping in mind that this is a ".com" site, linked to the manufacturer and promoter of kyphoplasty procedures.


Optional: NY Times front page story: Spinal Cement Draws Patients and Questions


Neer's terminology of four segment classification of displaced shoulder fractures and fracture-dislocations. It relates patterns of displacement (two-part, three-part, four-part) and key segments displaced.
Goering M. (2007). Proximal Humeral Fractures. Geri Notes 14(4), p.7.


Photo of a vertebral compression fracture from a cadaver, saggital plane (anterior is up). Notice how the ALL is slack. With spinal extension, the ALL will become taut and reduce the vertebral body fracture.

Radiograph: 19 y.o. female, thoracic spine, lateral view: Schmorl's nodes, or "Codfish fracture"


Bone anatomy (best diagram yet! Enlarge it.)
Warwick R. (1973). Gray's anatomy. Published Philadelphia : Saunders, 35th British ed. p.217


OBJECTIVES for week 2:
The Osteoporosis objectives will be due next week, Thursday Sept. 3rd.
They are titled: "The first set of objectives for the Case of Rosa Nunez".
It will be great if people work ahead, and take advantage of full access to the objectives for the course. PBL discussion will be deeper and more informed as a result!

Week 2

9-1
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Osteoporosis Mgmt. - Prost

Osteoporosis algorithm - Sara Meeks
(Print from the Exam -Tool Kit ... click on "Osteoporosis")

9-1
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Handouts for all of Professor Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390

Geriatric History assignment

Quiz: Fried

Bring Geriatric Exam Tool Kit to all of Prof. Brown's lectures

9-2
Wed Lab

Osteoporosis Mgmt.

1. Site-specific, Proximal muscle, Postural Exercises

2. Cues to improve walking and standing posture

3. REEDCO - posture assessment
(in your Geriatric Exam toolkit - from Quick Copy)

4. Osteoporosis algorithm - Sara Meeks (Print from the Exam -Tool Kit ... click on "Osteoporosis")

9-4
Friday

Quiz: Fracture Review module ques #10-16

 


Week 1 : Aug 24 - 28
Back to top

Algorithm of MO Direct Access regulations
-- an excellent model, created by Jill Eveker


Friday morning schedule:

  1. Facilitators' presentation
  2. Discussion of Fracture Review module
  3. Quiz over Fracture Review module

PCM for Mr. T will be POSTPONED until Friday, Sept. 4, 9:00
You will receive Part 3 on Monday.


There will be a brief in-class quiz on the assigned journal article at the start of every Tuesday afternoon lecture by Prof. Brown.
Article for 9/1:

Fried, L.P., et al. (2001). Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype.
Journal of Gerontology: MEDICAL SCIENCES, 56A(3), M146-M156.


Iron Lung: photo and description on p.524 of Hillegass.
Also illustrated are the small cuirass (pronounced kwi-ras') units which are worn on the front of the chest. Remember these devices provide NEGATIVE (vacuum) pressure.

By contrast, Hillegass p.521-523 describes variations in settings for a Mechanical Ventilator, which is a much more commonly used POSITIVE airway pressure (PAP) device.


Here are images and animations on bone physiology to supplement the Fracture Review module


State of Missouri Practice Act:
-- regarding Direct Access to Physical Therapist Services

Go to the Missouri Advisory Commission for Professional Physical Therapists

  • Click on "Rules & Statutes"
  • Click on "Statutes"
  • Search for Section - 334.506
  • Form a judgement about what the PT should do for Mr. T's initial visit

Parkinson's Disease Functional Assessment Scales
may be found at: Exam Toolkit ... PD ...

Hoehn and Yahr: (more detail than given in O'Sullivan 5th ed)
Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital Neurosurgical Service

Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (same as O'Sullivan 5th ed C.21, Appendix A)
Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital Neurosurgical Service


Morris ME. 2000 Movement disorders in people with Parkinson disease: a model for physical therapy. Phys Ther. 2000 Jun;80(6):578-97.
(links the Hoehn and Yahr stages to core elements of PT intervention)
(Eligible for TOE)

Steffen T. Seney M. (2008). Test-Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change on Balance and Ambulation Tests, the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, and the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale in People With Parkinsonism. Physical Therapy 88 (6) 733-746.
(Eligible for TOE)


Lifespan calculator: Individual written assignment, due Wed. 8/26, 5:00 PM


APTA Section on Geriatrics (SOG) listserv experience
Send an email to Evan confirming listserv membership by Thursday, 8/27, midnight.
The full assignment is due in Week 6.


3-day Calcium diary due in Evan's mailbox on Monday, Aug.31, 5:00 PM
Note: at the bottom of the 3-day Calcium diary you are to tally your Risk Factors (don't turn in your Risk Factor sheet itself, just tally it and write the number on the Calcium diary page).

Recommended daily calcium intake - NIH and NOF Consensus Statement, 2000


Your Quick Copy syllabus materials are ready for purchase at Whitten Hall (just north of the Union). Cost is ~ $7.
The packet includes:

  1. Overall syllabus and course documents
  2. Lecture handout for Kevin Lockette, Tues, Aug.25
  3. Lecture handout for Prof. Abbott, Tues, Sept. 8
  4. Content objectives for all PBL cases
  5. Tool Kit: Geriatric Evaluation Tests & Measures
  6. Tool Kit: Vestibular Evaluation Tests & Measures

These three items are not in the Quick Copy syllabus:

  1. M-F schedule (same as emailed to you in August by Bev)
  2. PBL & Lab assignments (same as emailed to you in August by Bev)
  3. PCM sample template
    (Unchanged from spring semester. It can be viewed under "Templates")

1st typo of the season! ... it's in the 8 week schedule:
1. Ignore the Aug. 31st date for the ABI instruction/check out
2. Move that entry to Monday, Sept. 28th

Week 1

8-24
Monday Orientation
9:00 - 9:50

One-time orientation in Lewis 2. PBL groups will meet on Monday as scheduled.

 

8-25
Tuesday morning
Lecture

Improved Mobility in Parkison Disease - Kevin Lockette PT


8-25
Tuesday afternoon
Lecture

Aging: What Exactly is Inevitable? - Brown

Handouts for all of Professor Brown's lectures will be posted on Blackboard, PT 8390

Blackboard Quiz: PD:
due midnight Tuesday

8-26
Wed Lab

Geriatric Test & Measures: Prost

Bring your paper Tool Kit: "Geriatric Examination" from the syllabus

8-28
Friday
Quiz: Fracture Review module (in syllabus)