MU Environmental Network News

December 2003
Vol. 9 No. 12

Editor - Jan Weaver
211 Lowry Hall, MU / Columbia MO 65211

Socially Responsible Investing

by Jan Weaver

Thinking about rebalancing that investment portfolio? Now that even mutual funds have been found to ignore the rules when it comes to the big players, where do you turn for a safe investment? Why not try Socially Responsible Investing (SRI)? What is SRI? It is a way to integrate your personal vaules and social concerns into your investment decisions. The first and easiest way to socially invest is to screen companies or mutual funds for their fit with your values. Positive screens include investments because they meet your social goals in one way or the other. Examples would be good employee relations, a record of community investment, low environmental impact in manufacturing processes, applying consistent and stringent environmental and/or human rights standards in all subsidiaries, or making safe and useful products. Negative screens might exclude investments that involve guns, alcohol, tobacco products, gambling, animal testing or defense weapons. Each investor decides for him or herself what issues to screen on.

Socially screened mutual funds will usually apply a financial screen first, followed by the social screen. That is, they will identify stocks that perform well, and from this list they will select stocks that meet the social critieria of the fund. Any investor interested in purchasing mutual fund shares should understand how a fund's social screen fits with its financial screen. Also, while many funds have similarly named categories (labor relations, environment, animal welfare), it is important to understand the critieria they use to categorize companies because they vary from fund to fund.

If you are interested in finding your own socially responsible companies to invest in, it will take a little more work, however there are a few shortcuts. You can check out which stocks a socially responsible mutual fund includes in its portfolio, a number of on-line investment periodicals specialize in socially responsible investing, or you can pick companies that subscribe to socially responsible resolutions, like those promoted by CERES* (Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies). One caveat - companies are complex creatures, and they may fit one socially responsible screen and not another. A second caveat - companies are run by people and people sometimes lie. It is a good idea to check to see if a company's claims of social responsibility can be independently verified by an NGO that specializes in this kind of work.

The second path to SRI is through shareholder advocacy. This is where shareholders work to influence company policy in ways that meet socially responsible goals. For example, investors holding 500,000 shares of P&G* stock filed a share-holder resolution calling for the company to purchase and market fair trade coffee. As a result of shareholder and external pressure, P&G will purchase several million pounds of coffee at over $1 per pound from fair trade cooperatives and market it under its Millstone line as "fair-trade". Long term , this will help reduce the boom and bust cycle of coffee as a cash crop, and introduce a level of stability into this market that should benefit everyone, consumer as well as farmer. At the 2002 Exxon* shareholder meeting, 20% of shareholders, including Institutional Investor Services (which represents 700 institutional investors) voted in favor of a resolution to reduce greenhouse gases. This was a higher percentage than voted in favor of divestment in South Africa, and it increases every year.

What's the bottom line? On average, socially screened mutual funds perform at or near (above and below) S&Ps 10-year average, which means that the companies they pick do the same. If you are investing for the long haul (and have gotten over the illusion that you can make a killing in the market), socially screened, and especially environmentally screened, stocks have distinct advantages. Strong environmental performance involves recycling and reusing chemicals, packaging, water and other materials, and saving energy, all of which cut costs both short and long term. Strategic investment to improve compliance with future federal and state environmental regulations can put companies in a better competitive position once those regulations come into effect. And mis-management of environmental risk can result in fines and criminal sanctions that can (and have) affected stock prices. A survey of 243 firms showed that after industry sector growth was factored out, there was a significant correlation between environmental performance and return on assets. So it pays to be green.

Finally, in these heady days of corporate scandals, attention of a company to its social performance may be an indicator of its sense of responsibility to investors. One of the features of socially responsible investing is that it follows corporate practices pretty closely - it has to, to ensure follow-through on a company's stated goals. This means that socially responsible companies tend to have more transparency, and that boards and employees are expected to take more responsibility for company decisions. This makes it much more difficult (but not impossible!) for corporate renegades to plunder the company. If you think about it, investing to protect the planet could help protect your assets.

* Mention of an organization or company is not intended as an endorsement. Do your own research!

For more on Socially Responsible Investing
Corporate scandals increase interest in socially responsible investments, Episcopal News Service - http://gc2003.episcopalchurch.org/ens/archives/2002-226.html

Investing in Trust: Social Responsibility and Shareholder Communications, Arthur W. Page Society - http://www.awpagesociety.com/protected/archives/goodman.pdf

Bio Regional Quiz: What two native Missouri owl species can you hear courting this month?

JOB OF THE MONTH: Field Assistant, Invasive Species Control and Restoration - Audubon Society's Starr Ranch Sanctuary; Trabuco Canyon, CA.Responsibilities: The field assistant will be involved in a research based project with the goal of controlling invasive artichoke thistle and restoring native grassland/coastal sage scrub habitat. The individual will work as a member of a field crew to mechanically and physically remove invasive species without the use of chemicals, perform native seed collections and seed/plug planting, perform experimental tests of weed removal and restoration techniques and be involved in quantitative monitoring. Status: Position runs from January 2004 - May 2004; Includes Benefits and Housing. Qualifications: Bachelor's Degree with a background in Biology, Ecology or Conservation; must work well with people; experience in field plant sampling desirable but not required. Salary: $250/week; plus housing and benefits. Application Procedure: Send cover letter, include career goals, resume and two letters of recommendation to Dr. Sandy DeSimone, Director of Research and Education, Starr Ranch Sanctuary, 100 Bell Canyon Rd., Trabuco Canyon, CA 92679-3511; or Fax to 949-858-1013; or Email to sdesimone@audubon.org

Extra! What energy problems will corn-based ethanol actually solve?

One feature of the recently debated energy bill is a mandate to triple corn-based ethanol use to 5 billion gallons by 2020. So it is reasonable to ask, what are the energy (and environmental) benefits of corn-based ethanol? Ethanol does have desirable environmental qualities as a fuel additive, it reduces carbon monoxide in the winter, and reduces toxic gas components in the summer. It is also a much safer oxygenate (a chemical that increases fuel combustion) than MTBE, which is being phased out. However, it speeds up evaporation of gasoline, which contributes to increased smog. Requiring ethanol to be added to gasoline may undercut more effective (and economical) ways of dealing with the specific air pollution problems a community faces. Additionally, there are environmental problems associated with growing corn - it is a heavy user of fertilizer and pesticides, in drier parts of the country it requires irrigation that depletes scarce ground water resources, and the way it is cultivated can lead to significant soil erosion. Corn is "renewable" in the sense that you grow it, however, depending on various factors, it make take more energy to produce a gallon of ethanol than you can get out of it. When the most up-to-date fertilizer and ethanol conversion technology is used, and when one assumes high productivity (bushels per acre), corn-based ethanol produces 34% more energy (Btus per gallon) than it uses. However, inefficient fertilizer production or ethanol conversion, or low crop productivity, result in corn-based ethanol that actually uses more energy to make than can be got from burning it, as much as a third more. On the plus side, it does have the potential to reduce dependence on foreign oil. We can use coal and natural gas, which we have, to produce a liquid fuel suitable for using in vehicles so that we don't need to import as much oil. Apparently regardless of party affiliation, farm state legislators favor it, east and west coast legislators oppose it. Support from farm states is due to the beneficial effect demand for ethanol will have on corn prices. Resistance from the coasts hinges on two issues, they don't grow corn so it will be expensive for them to import it and add it to their gasoline, and in some cases it might make air pollution worse. Complicating all of this is the apparent trade off between support for corn-based ethanol and for shielding the makers of MTBE from lawsuits for contaminating community water supplies.

(FYI: Missouri communities where MTBE has been reported in drinking water - Eureka, Camdenton, Oran, Elsberry, New Madrid, Holland, Clearmont source: http://www.ewg.org/issues/mtbe/20031001/systemlisting.php?stab=MO)

Special Events/Classes/Programs/Talks
CHRISTMAS TREE SALES: December 5-7, 8 am - 8 pm, parking lot outside Faurot Field. MU Forestry Club
HOLIDAY GIFT MAKING WORKSHOP: December 6 & 7, noon - 4 pm, Peace Nook 804-C East Broadway. A variety of craft-making skills and materials will be shared, including wreath making, glow jars, bath salts and body powder, friendship jars, and paper arts. Center for Sustainable Living.
WINTER HIKE: Sunday December 28, 2-4 pm, meet at Rock Bridge Memorial State Park Office at 2 or the Grasslands trail head at 2:15. Look for birds and animal tracks while you check out the grasslands in winter.

MU Organization Meetings and Contact Information
ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS COUNCIL: http://www.missouri.edu/~jesse105/committees/pages/environmental.htm
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES EXEC COM: 882-7116: Thursday Dec 18, 8 am, 218A Tucker Hall
RECYCLING COMMITTEE; 882-3091: Thursday Dec 4, 8:30 pm, 185 GSB
STUDENT SIERRA CLUB: 882-7116: Wednesdays at 7:30 pm in 200 A&S, also Wednesdays in Brady 10-2 (tabling)
NATURAL RESOURCES STUDENT COUNCIL: 1st Annual Senior Send-Off, Thursday Dec 11, 5 pm, Foyer ABNR

Organization Meetings and Contact Information
AUDUBON SOCIETY; 874-3904 / columbia-audubon.missouri.org Meet 3rd Wed 7:30 pm, USGS, 4200 New Haven
BOONE COUNTY SMART GROWTH COALITION; http://smartgrowth.missouri.org/, 1st Wednesdays 7:15 Boone Co Govt Ctr.
CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVING; 875-0539 or http://peaceworks.missouri.org/
CHOUTEAU GROTTO; http://chouteau.missouri.org/, Meet 1st Wed, 7 pm, Community Room of the Boone Electric Coop
COLUMBIA FOOD CIRCLE; 882-7463 or email hendricksonm@missouri.edu for information.
COLUMBIA PUBLIC WORKS VOLUNTEER PROGRAMS; 874-6271 or http://www.ci.columbia.mo.us/dept/pubw/
COMMUNITY STORMWATER PROJECT: http://www.GoColumbiaMo.com/PublicWorks/StormWater/cswp.html
ENV EDUCATION WORKSHOPS AND CONFERENCES: http://www.conservation.state.mo.us/teacher/workshops/
FRIENDS OF ROCK BRIDGE MEMORIAL STATE PARK; 474-7429 or http://rockbridge.missouri.org/ Meet 4th Tuesdays, 7 pm
GREENBELT COALITION; 442-4789 or http://greenbelt.missouri.org Meet 1st Tuesdays, 7 pm, Outdoors Bldg, 200 Old 63 S.
MISSOURI HEARTWOOD; 443-6832 or http://www.heartwood.org/MO/ Meet Tuesdays, 7:30 pm -1027 E. Walnut.
MISSOURI NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY; npshawth@hotmail.com Meet every other second Monday (Jan, Mar, May, July, Sept, Nov) at 7:00 p.m., Unitarian Universalist Church, 2615 Shepard Blvd, Columbia, MO.
MISSOURI RIVER COMMUNITIES NETWORK; 443-0292 or http://mrcn.missouri.org/
PEDNET COALITION; email: pednet@pednet.org or http://www.pednet.org
ROCK BRIDGE MEMORIAL STATE PARK; 449-7402 or http://rockbridge.missouri.org
SHOW ME CLEAN STREAMS COALITION; (573) 751-4115 ext 3169 or www.mostreamteam.org
SIERRA CLUB; 443-4401 or http://sierra.osage.missouri.org Meet 3rd Tuesdays 7:30 pm Hillel Foundation, 1107 University Ave
WILD ONES; 499-3749 or email wildonesmo@yahoo.com, http://wildones.missouri.org Meetings 2nd Saturdays. Call for location

Answer to BioRegional Quiz: Great Horned Owls are usually solitary until December, when they form pairs to breed. They can be found in a variety of habitats - look and listen for them in wooded urban areas. Great Horned Owls nest in abandoned stick nests, tree hollows, caves and cliff ledges. Barred Owls mate for life and are very territorial. They can be in found in wooded areas, preferably near a water source. They nest in tree hollows and abandoned stick nests. The Great Horned Owl's call is --'Hoo, hoo-oo, hoo-oo' and the Barred Owl's call is --'Who cooks for you, who cooks for you all' (you may have to use your imagination on the latter).

Feedback - Got an opinion? If we have space, we will consider publishing it. Submit it by email (envstudy@missouri. edu), snail mail (Environmental Studies, 211 Lowry , MU, Columbia MO 65211), or call Jan Weaver to talk about it (882-7116). MU Environmental Network News is published by MU's Environmental Studies Initiative. All opinions expressed are the responsibility of the editor. Any part of this newsletter may be copied for distribution but please give us credit.

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